e-Learning/ICT Activities and difficulties with Motor/Manual Dexterity
Remember, disability is a highly individualised experience. People with the same disability may have very different capabilities and/or needs, so it is always best to discuss any adaptations to practice, the environment or equipment directly with the disabled person themselves rather than making assumptions about what adjustments may be suitable.
Difficulties associated specifically with motor/manual dexterity difficulties are unlikely to have a significant impact specifically on e-Learning/ICT activities except for the physical use of the keyboard and/or mouse.
Depending on the nature of the impairment, the teacher should discuss with the individual concerned the best ways to compensate for the difficulty; for example, by giving photocopies of teaching notes. Some students, who have difficulty writing, may be able to use speech recognition software and a laptop to write up their work, while others will need someone act as a scribe and to take notes on their behalf.
Assistive Technology:
There are two kinds of AT available – ‘Low Tech’ and ‘High Tech’.
‘Low Tech AT’ includes simple aids that normally cost little or no money. For example, a PC with spell check and thesaurus can support many students. Alternatively, by simply changing the ‘accessibility’ options on a Windows based PC, information can be made more accessible. Other items, such as hand-held magnifiers or study lamps, can improve access for students with a visual impairment.
Examples of assistive technology for those with motor/manual difficulties:
Voice recognition software
Examples Include: IBM ViaVoice; Dragon Naturally Speaking; Voice recognition systems enable individuals with dyslexia, visual impairment or manual dexterity difficulties to dictate a document to the computer as an alternative to using the keyboard and mouse. Consistent speech patterns are required.
Keyboards
Examples Include: ‘Ergonomic keyboards’ Ergonomic keyboards are specially designed and shaped. Some features include two-way tilts, wrist rests and split angle key layouts and in some cases, the whole shape and layout of the keyboard is altered radically. Single-handed models are also available. The keyboards are designed specifically to reduce strains, movements, twists and tensions and thus reduce the pain and effort of typing. They are most suitable for students with hand dexterity difficulties.
Mouse Controls
Examples Include: ‘Trackerballs’ These are an alternative means of accessing mouse controls. They are useful for students who have fine motor control difficulties and those who find it difficult controlling a standard mouse.
Furniture
Examples Include: ‘Ergonomic Furniture’ This includes furniture such as tables and chairs which are height adjustable to suit the specific posture and support the needs of individual students, so as to enable them to operate a computer and study for longer periods of time.
